职业技能培训对农业转移人口的收入效应分析

The Income Effects of Vocational Skills Training on Rural-Urban Migrants

职业技能培训是提升农业转移人口人力资本水平、推进新型城镇化建设的重要途径。基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2016与2018年数据的实证分析表明:技术技能培训对农业转移人口的个体收入具有显著促进作用;获得证书的技术技能培训在未来具有更高的收入效应。然而,目前农业转移人口职业技能培训的普及率较低,主要原因在于该群体参与培训的动力不足、渠道缺失和能力缺乏,以及培训提供者的动力不足、提供的培训内容与需求不匹配等。针对上述问题,应分别针对培训需求侧与供给侧采取有效干预措施:完善职业技能培训政策与制度设计,精准传递培训信息、增加相应公共产品服务,构建职业培训合作治理模式。

Vocational skills training is an important way to improve the level of human capital of rural-urban migrants and promote the construction of new urbanization.Based on the data of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)in 2016 and 2018,the empirical analysis shows that:technical skills training has a significant effect on the individual income of rural-urban migrants;technical skills training with certificates will have a higher income effect in the future.However,at present,the popularization rate of vocational skills training for rural-urban migrants is low,mainly due to the lack of motivation,channels,and ability of this group to participate in training;as well as the lack of motivation of training providers,and the mismatch between the training contents and demand.Effective intervention measures should be taken for training from demand and supply side respectively including:to improve vocational skills training policy and system design,to accurately transmit training information and increase corresponding public goods and services,as well as to build a vocational training cooperative governance model.