企业作为职业教育重要办学主体的逻辑演进与基本特征

The Logical Evolution and Basic Characteristics of Enterprises as the Important Subject of Vocational Education

企业与职业教育的关系始终是困扰我国职业教育发展的核心问题。新中国成立以来,企业作为职业教育的重要办学主体,总体上经历了否定之否定的逻辑进路,体现了从"外生强制"到"自发内生"的理念变迁、从"被动封闭"到"合作开放"的环境变迁、从"政府主导"到"市场引导"的路径变革、从"传统管制"到"多元治理"的过程保障变迁逻辑。企业与职业教育关系的演进不仅受到外部因素的影响,也是自身发展的内在要求,带有明显的历史必然性、时代选择性与现实可能性。但不论如何变迁,"自由""开放""合作""多元"必将是企业作为职业教育重要办学主体的发展主基调。

The relationship between enterprises and vocational education is always the core issue that plagues the development of vocational education in China.From the founding of new China to the present,as an important school-running subject of vocational education,enterprises have experienced a logical path of negation to negation,reflecting the change of concept from"exogenous coercion"to"spontaneous endogenous",environmental change from"passive closure"to"cooperative opening",path reform from"government-led"to"market guidance",and process guarantee from"traditional regulation"to"multiple governance".The evolution of the relationship between enterprises and vocational education is not only affected by external factors,but also the internal requirements of its own development,with obvious historical inevitability,era selectivity and realistic possibility.However,no matter how it changes,"freedom""openness""cooperation"and"diversity"will be the main keynote of the development of enterprises as the important subject of vocational education.