民族地区城乡融合发展水平测度及影响因素研究

Research on Measurement of Urban-rural Integration Development Level and Influencing Factors in Ethnic Regions

重塑城乡关系,促进城乡融合发展是党中央作出的重大决策部署,是民族地区实现乡村振兴和高质量发展的核心内容,充分了解民族地区城乡融合发展情况,对推进民族地区城乡融合发展具有重要现实意义。本文从城乡融合基础、城乡融合动力、城乡融合结果3个维度选取26个指标对民族地区城乡融合发展水平进行测度,运用Kernel密度估计法对其动态演变趋势和区域差异进行分析,最后运用计量模型实证检验了民族地区城乡融合发展的影响因素。研究结果表明:在样本期内民族地区城乡融合发展水平整体呈较快增长态势,但城乡融合发展水平整体较低;区域差距不断缩小,但存在极化趋势;地方财政支出、金融发展水平及效率、产业结构合理化对民族地区城乡融合发展水平具有显著影响。基于以上结论,本文认为民族地区各省区应结合区域发展实际,因地制宜探索城乡融合发展路径;优化财政分权体制,提高财政资源配置效率,促进财政支出更好地服务于民族地区城乡融合发展;强化财政与金融的协同互促,实现民族地区财政支农支出与地区金融发展协同促进城乡融合发展;构建城乡融合发展的产业体系,提高区域要素禀赋结构与区域产业结构的耦合度,建立城乡融合发展的长效机制。

Reshaping urban-rural relations to promote urban-rural integrated development is a major decision and deployment made by the CPC Central Committee.It is the core content of rural revitalization and high-quality development in ethnic regions.It is of real significance to fully understand the integrated development of urban and rural areas to promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas in ethnic regions.From the three dimensions of urban-rural integration foundation,urban-rural integration dynamics,and urban-rural integration results,the paper selected 26 indicators to measure the development level of urban-rural integration in ethnic regions,analyzes its dynamic evolution trends and regional differences with the method of Kernel density estimation,and empirically examines the influencing factors of the integrated urban-rural development in ethnic regions applying the econometric model.The research results indicate that,during the sample period,the overall urban-rural integration development level in ethnic regions is somewhat low but showed a rapid growth dynamics,and the regional gap is narrowing while presenting polarization trend.Local fiscal expenditure,financial development level and efficiency,and rationalization of industrial structure have a significant impact on the development level of urban-rural integration in ethnic regions.Based on these conclusions,we give the suggestions as follows:the provinces and autonomous regions in ethnic regions should explore the integrated urban-rural development path according to local situation;to optimize the fiscal decentralization system,improve the efficiency of fiscal resource allocation,and promote fiscal expenditure to better serve the integrated development of urban and rural areas in ethnic regions;to strengthen the synergy and mutual promotion of fiscal and financial,realize the synergy of fiscal expenditure for agriculture and regional financial development to promote urban-rural integrated developmentin ethnic regions;to build an industrial system for urban-rural integrated development,and improve the coordinated degree between regional factor endowment structure and regional industrial structure,and establish a long-term mechanism for urban-rural integrated development.