党领共治:社区实验视域下基层社会治理格局的再生产

Party Led Co-governance:Reproduction of the Pattern of Grassroots Social Governance from the Perspective of Community Experiment

国家"新时代"战略下的城市基层治理格局变迁集中体现在政府开展的社区治理实验的过程中。本文将这类基层治理格局的变动视作社区行动者的探索和实验,由此观察当城市基层社会出现新的组织或力量时,基层的社会治理格局如何生产和再生产。通过对比支撑当下社区治理体系运转的三种基本机制——科层代理机制、动员参与机制和核心领导机制——的前后变化,本文发现多元共治理论难以解释当下中国城市社区治理格局的再生产,更为贴切的是注重综合性治理逻辑的"党领共治"模式。该模式一方面强调由党直接划定红线,明确红线所在的政治化逻辑;另一方面则力图建立调整治理边界的行政化逻辑,在红线以内实现基层社会的多主体共治。两方面的整合协调构成城市基层社区的治理新格局。通过认识这种逻辑的平衡和张力,本文揭示出政党在场下的新的国家-社会关系。

The change of urban grassroots governance pattern under the national"new era"strategy is mainly reflected in the process of community governance experiment carried out by the government.In this paper,the change of grass-roots governance pattern is regarded as the exploration and experiment of community actors,so as to observe how the grass-roots social governance pattern is produced and reproduced when new organizations or forces appear in urban grass-roots society.By comparing the changes of the three basic mechanisms supporting the operation of the current community governance system,namely,the bureaucratic agency mechanism,the mobilization and participation mechanism and the core leadership mechanism,this paper finds that the theory of pluralistic co-governance is difficult to explain the reproduction of the current pattern of urban community governance in China.Instead,the"Party led co-governance"model which focuses on comprehensive governance logic is replaced.The model emphasizes that on the one hand,the party directly delimits the red line and clarifies the political logic of the red line;on the other hand,it tries to establish the administrative logic of adjusting the governance boundary,so as to realize the co-governance of the grassroots society within the red line.The integration and coordination of the two constitute a new governance pattern of urban grass-roots communities.By understanding the balance and tension of this logic,this paper reveals the new state-society relationship of political parties in the field.