突发事件分级与应急响应分级的关系辨析

Relationship between Emergency Grading and Response Grading

响应分级及各层级应急响应措施是体现不同层级政府应急预案的定位和内容差异、提高应急预案针对性实用性的关键。本文分析了2020年年初全国各地为应对新冠疫情启动省级应急响应的总体情况,针对所暴露出的对突发事件分级和应急响应分级之间关系的模糊认识问题,简要分析了政府专项和部门应急预案中对突发事件分级与响应分级关系的认识处理过程和当前状况,指明了突发事件分级与响应分级的外在正相关性和内在本质区别。在此基础上,从落实分级负责原则的视角剖析了突发事件分级的初衷,对比突发事件分级与响应分级的范畴和功用,在更高层次上分析了两个概念的内在联系。最后,提出了科学把握两个概念的关系,合理划分应急响应级别的基本思路。

Emergency response grading and the measures taken at each response grade are the key to display the variation of location and content of the same kind emergency plans among the different governmental levels,and to enhance the pertinency and practicability of the emergency plans.The overall response initiating conditions in the war fighting COVID-19 in all the provinces in China's Mainland in early 2020 are analyzed,and the misleading understanding about the relationship between emergency grading and response grading is revealed.The understanding evolution and the current conditions of the relationship between emergency grading and response grading in governmental emergency plans is briefly combed so as to clarify the internal difference and the external positive correlation between emergency grading and response grading.Furthermore,the original intention of emergency grading is expounded from the viewpoint of gradated responsibility among the different government levels,the scope and the function of emergency grading and response grading as for the emergency plan is compared,and the internal correlation between emergency grading and response grading is further discerned.Finally,some feasible suggestions are proposed to reasonably gradate emergency response in the emergency plans as for different government levels.