“收放何度?”:中国特色老龄社会治理体制的生成逻辑及实现路径——一项清晰集定性比较分析(csQCA)研究

Degree Between Being Stringent and Being Loose?:Generation Logic and Approaches of Social Governance for Elderly Care with Chinese Characteristics——A Crip-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis(CSQCA)

既有老龄研究多"就养老谈养老",忽视了老龄社会治理的动力机制根植于政府内部的治理逻辑。基于此,本文将超越定量与定性的csQCA方法运用到养老领域,立足于纵向行政发包理论与横向政治锦标赛理论,对标中国式治理关于权力"收"与"放"的经典论争,对我国老龄社会治理案例进行整合性分析。研究发现统筹前瞻型、父爱兜底型、全国一盘棋型、八仙过海型、短期突进型是有效治理的前因条件构型,选择执行型、镣铐起舞型、合法伤害型是典型失败的前因构型,并分析了其生成逻辑。本研究基于理论与实证的对话,得出的"精准发力"路径与传统的"一刀切"治理不同,适用于中国特殊的老龄化国情,有助于进一步破解"条块"矛盾在养老领域的深层密码。

Most of the existing studies focus on the elderly care itself,ignoring the governance logic of the dynamic mechanism of social governance for elderly care rooted in the government.As one of the researches on the method of the quality comparative analysis firstly tentatively used by the academic field of elderly care,this paper explains it through the administration-subcontract-and-political-tournaments matrix theory,put it including conditional effective solutions such as bailout mode,paternal love-based mode,all-in-one mode,diversified mode,short-term achievement mode,as well as analysis on modes of resources misallocation,restricted implementation,and multiple-administration.This study reasonably combines theories with substantial proof.And they contributed to the targeted elderly care framework,which combines the austere measures with the expansive efforts,especially suitable for the compartmentalization relationship peculiar to China,differing from the traditional elderly care management of cutting at one stroke in dealing with all matters.