日喀则高寒河谷区一年生饲用作物适宜混播方式的筛选

Screening of Suitable Mixed Sowing Methods for Annual Forage Crops in Rikaze Alpine Valley Region

为探究高寒河谷区一年生饲用作物的牧草生产性能和适宜混播方式,对日喀则地区常见4种一年生饲用作物(青稞、燕麦、油菜、箭筈豌豆)的5种混播组合(青稞混播油菜、燕麦混播油菜、青稞混播箭筈豌豆、燕麦混播箭筈豌豆、油菜混播箭筈豌豆)和5种混播比例(3:7、4:6、5:5、6:4、7:3)的饲用价值进行了灰色关联度评价,并分析了混播后的增产增质效应。结果表明,4种饲用作物单播的饲草性能为箭筈豌豆>油菜>燕麦>青稞。5种混播组合的最佳比例分别为青稞:油菜=4:6、燕麦:油菜=4:6、青稞:箭筈豌豆=3:7、燕麦:箭筈豌豆=6:4、油菜:箭筈豌豆=6:4。29个处理中灰色关联度排名前三的为燕麦:油菜=4:6、箭筈豌豆单播、油菜:箭筈豌豆=6:4。综合考虑产量和营养品质,燕麦:油菜=4:6、燕麦:箭筈豌豆=6:4、油菜:箭筈豌豆=6:4可作为优质饲草种植模式在日喀则地区进行示范推广。

In order to investigate the performance of forage and the suitable mixed sowing method for annual forage crops in the alpine valley region,four annual forage crops(Tibetan hulless barley,oat,rape,common vetch)in the Rikaze region were analyzed with the gray correlation system in the forage value of five mixed combinations(Tibetan hulless barley mixed with rape,oat mixed with rape,Tibetan hulless barley mixed with common vetch,oat mixed with common vetch,rape mixed with common vetch)and five mixed ratio(3:7,4:6,5:5,6:4,7:3),and the mixed effects were analyzed.The results showed that the forage value order of four crops sown alone was common vetch>rape>oat>Tibetan hulless barley.The optimal mixing ratio for the five mixed combinations was Tibetan hulless barley mixed with rape 4:6,oat mixed with rape 4:6,Tibetan hulless barley mixed with common vetch 3:7,oat mixed with common vetch 6:4,rape mixed with common vetch 6:4.The top three grey correlation system scores among the 29 mixed sowing treatments were oat mixed with rape 4:6,common vetch single sowing,and rape mixed with common vetch 6:4.The combined sowing of oat and rape(4:6),oat and common vetch(6:4),and rape and the common vetch(6:4)might be employed as high-quality forage planting models for demonstration in Rikaze based on yield and nutritional composition.