反讽与抒情的莫比乌斯环——《应物兄》的美学构造

The Möbius Ring of Irony and Lyricism: The Aesthetic Construction of Yingwu Xiong

李洱的小说《应物兄》具备复杂的环状美学结构。小说以反讽话语为其首要特征,借助语言过载、人兽并置和伪百科全书式写作三个装置对知识分子进行批判性审视。从第84节开始,以民歌《苏丽珂》的音景设置为标志,小说中的抒情话语明显占据上风,对知识分子中的优秀代表进行了正面展示。反讽与抒情的背反与衔接,形成了令人瞩目的莫比乌斯环状美学构造。这一美学构造成为小说知识分子主体建构的重要隐喻:跨越知行分裂,寻找未来的第三自我,是一个循环往复、不断经历背反的历史进程。

Li Er's novel Yingwu Xiong has a complex ring-like aesthetic structure.The novel is characterized by an ironic discourse,which critically examines intellectuals through three devices:language overload,human-animal juxtaposition and pseudo-encyclopedic writing.From Section 84 of the text onward,marked by the soundscape setting of the Russian folk song’Suliko,"the novel’s lyrical discourse clearly prevails,presenting the best representatives of the intelligentsia in a positive light.The back-and-forth between irony and lyricism forms a striking Möbius-ring aesthetic structure.This aesthetic structure becomes an important metaphor for the novel’s project of constructing the intellectual subject:the search for the future third self across the division between knowledge and action is a cyclical and continuous historical process.