近代昭通私塾教育改革研究

Research on Educational Reform of Zhaotong Sishu in Modern Times

近代以来,传统私塾教育因其内容与形式的单一,日益在新式学校教育体系的挑战下,面临极大的困境与冲击,在时代潮流的裹挟下被迫走上改革的道路。晚清民国时期的中央与地方政府,也曾试图通过各种手段推动私塾教育的改良,进而压缩私塾的生存空间和影响。然而私塾的改革过程仍然是非常艰难和曲折的,以近代昭通私塾教育改革为例,其进程既涉及整个教育体系的革新,还涉及政府行政职能的转型和民众思想观念的改变。但由于地理空间相对封闭,传统社会结构迟迟没有发生根本性变革,私塾为代表的传统教育方式得以长期延续,因而私塾改革与发达地区相比,就显得更加缓慢和艰难。

Since modern times,traditional Sishu education has been challenged by the school education system and faced great difficulties and impacts.The government promotes the reform of Sishu education and reduces the living space of Sishu through various means.However,the reform process of Sishu is very difficult and tortuous.It involves not only the reform of the entire education system,but also the transformation of government administrative functions and the change of people’s ideas.Since the traditional social structure of Zhaotong in modern times has not undergone fundamental changes,the traditional education method represented by Sishu has been continued for a long time.Compared with other regions,the reform of Sishu is slower and more difficult.