蔬果总摄入量与认知功能的相关性研究

Correlation between fruit and vegetable intake and cognitive function

目的探究蔬果总摄入量与认知功能的相关性,为中国老年人的膳食指导提供科学依据。方法利用2015年中国居民健康与营养调查(CHNS)湖北省的调查资料,纳入年龄55岁及以上的研究对象406人,调整年龄、性别、城乡、婚姻、教育程度、年收入、吸烟、饮酒、体力活动、红肉摄入、鱼肉摄入、总能量摄入、体质指数(BMI)和高血压等因素,采用多重线性回归评价蔬果总摄入量与认知得分的偏回归系数及95%置信区间(CI)。结果研究对象平均年龄为64.79±7.57岁,平均蔬果总摄入量为330.18±165.56 g/d,平均认知得分为13.44±5.66分。在完全调整模型中,相较于蔬果总摄入量Q1组,蔬果总摄入量Q4组的偏回归系数与95%CI分别为1.91、0.08~3.75。与只摄入蔬菜相比,同时摄入蔬菜和水果的偏回归系数与95%CI分别为1.40、0.15~2.73。结论较高水平的蔬果总摄入量与中老年人较好的认知功能相关,在摄入蔬菜的同时应确保水果的摄入。

Objective To provide a scientific basis for dietary guidance for older adults in China,the correlation between the total intake of fruit and vegetables and cognitive function was explored.Methods A total of 406 people aged 55 years or older who participated in the 2015 Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS)in Hubei Province were included in this study.Age,sex,urban or rural status,marital status,educational level,income,smoking,drinking,physical activity,red meat intake,fish intake,total energy intake,body mass index(BMI),and hypertension were recorded.Multiple linear regression and a 95%confidence interval(95%CI)were used to evaluate the linear partial regression coefficients between fruit and vegetable intake and cognitive function.Results The mean age of the subjects was 64.79±7.57 years old,the mean total fruit and vegetable intake was 330.18±165.56 g/d,and the mean cognitive score was 13.44±5.66 points.In the fully adjusted model,compared with the Q1 group,the linear partial regression coefficient and 95%CI of the Q4 group were 1.91 and 0.08-3.75.Compared with the daily intake of vegetables only,the linear partial regression coefficient and 95%CI for the daily intake of vegetables and fruits were 1.40,0.15-2.73.Conclusion A higher fruit and vegetable intake is associated with better cognitive function in middle-aged and elderly individuals.Fruit intake should be ensured while consuming vegetables.