新中国精神与文学经典的生成

The Spirit of New China and the Generation of Literary Classics

新中国精神是指新中国成立以来,与不同时期重大历史事件相伴随的具有引领性的精神品质,它与文学创作及文学经典的生成密切相关。在新中国文学的不同历史阶段,新中国精神呈现出不同的表现形态。这主要包括:"爱国主义精神""独立自主、自力更生、艰苦奋斗精神""民族团结精神""反思精神""改革开放精神""与时俱进精神""多元共融精神""人民创造与人类命运共同体精神"等。经过"文学制度—文学创作—文学批评"三个环节,新中国精神与文学经典生成的互动关系得以彰显。一方面,新中国精神需要经过审美转换,以落实到具体的文学生产机制中,进而借助理论批评话语的介入和阐释,生成文学经典;另一方面,文学与政治的互动又不断丰富着新中国精神的内涵。因此,有必要立足于政治性、人民性、文学批评和文学创造四个层面,创造出不辜负时代与人民的经典文学作品。

The spirit of New China refers to the principal mental quality that accompanied the major historical events of different periods since the founding of the PRC in 1949.It was closely related to the creation of literature and the generation of literary classics.In different historical stages,the spirit of New China expressed itself in various forms.It mainly includes the spirit of patriotism,the spirit of independence,self-reliance and hard work,the spirit of national unity,the spirit of reflection,the spirit of reform and opening up,the spirit of keeping pace with the times,the spirit of diversity and integration,the spirit of people’s creation,a shared future for mankind,etc.The three links of the"literary system—literary creation—literary criticism,"manifest the dynamics between the spirit of New China and the generation of literary classics.On the one hand,the spirit of New China has to be transformed aesthetically into a specific mechanism for literary production which,with the help of the intervention and interpretation of theoretical-critical discourses,generates a literary classic;on the other,the interaction between literature and politics constantly enriches the connotations of the spirit.It is therefore necessary to create classic literary works that live up to the times and the people,taking a stand on the four levels of politics,the people,literary criticism and literary creation.