中国居民收入差距变动分析(2013—2018)

An Analysis of Changes in the Extent of Income Disparity in China (2013-2018)

改革开放以来,我国居民收入差距总体呈扩大趋势,但学界对近10年的中国收入差距变化状况存在不同看法。通过分析中国居民收入分配课题组(CHIP)2013年和2018年住户调查数据发现,这一时期导致收入差距缩小与扩大的因素相互抵消,收入差距总体呈高位徘徊的相对稳定状态。城乡收入差距缩小,以及工资收入、养老金收入、自有住房估算租金和转移性收入的变化,有助于缩小收入差距;而流动人口收入分布、非农经营收入和财产收入的变化,导致收入差距扩大。

Since reform and opening up,China’s income disparity has generally widened,but there are different views of the way it has changed over the past decade.An analysis of the 2013 and 2018 household survey data of the China Household Income Project(CHIP)reveals that the factors contributing to the narrowing and widening of the income gap during this period offset each other,with the result that the income gap generally remained stable at a high level.The narrowing of the urban-rural income gap as well as the changes in wage income,pension income,estimated rent for owned housing and transfer income,helped to narrow the income gap,while changes in income distribution for the floating population,non-farm business income and property income led to the widening of the gap.