论知识民主化的智识进路和资本进路

The Intellectual Approach and Capital Approach in Knowledge Democratization

知识民主化是近年来哲学、政治学研究的焦点之一,对"知识"的不同理解,产生了不同的知识民主化研究进路。把"知识"看作一种独特智力活动时,产生了知识民主化的智识进路,包括社会认识论、体知合一的认识论、公民认识论三种取向。把"知识"看作是一种生产活动的结果时,产生了知识民主化的资本进路,包括科学论、公共政策、科学异化三个方面相关的研究。两种进路的隔离,隐含着科学认识论与科学社会规范的二分、知识生产与知识应用的二分。忽视智识的资本进路不利于解决社会问题,忽视资本的智识进路缺失民主化的保障,两种进路未来将会交织发展。

Knowledge democratization is one of the research focuses on Philosophy and Politics.Based on different interpretations of"knowledge",there emerge different approaches to knowledge democratization.When knowledge is taken as a unique intellectual activity,there emerges the intellectual approach to knowledge democratization,which mainly contains researches in social epistemology,the epistemology of embodiment,and the civic epistemology.When knowledge is regarded as a result of knowledge production,there emerges the capital approach to knowledge democratization,which includes researches in science studies,public policies,and alienation of science.The differences in the two approaches suggest a dichotomy between the epistemology of science and social normativity of sicence,and a dichotomy between knowledge production and knowledge application.Ignoring the capital approach will make hindrance for solving the relevant social issues;while ignoring the intellectual approach will lose the foundation for knowledge democratization.Therefore,the two approaches may develop in mixed and blended ways.