基于MODIS遥感数据和气象观测数据的藏北高原地表温度变化特征

Surface Temperature in the Northern Tibetan Plateau: Variation Characteristics Based on MODIS Remote Sensing Data and Meteorological Observed Data

为了研究藏北高原地表温度变化特征,利用2002—2015年MODIS/TERRA卫星的地表温度(LST)遥感数据结合同期气象数据,对藏北高原2002—2015年地表温度年际变化进行分析。结果表明:(1)2002—2015年内藏北高原地表温度呈缓慢上升趋势,2013年和2015年夏季均达到极值35.3℃;而最小值出现在2011年冬季,为5.2℃。空间分布变化分析表明,藏北高原的高温区随时间从西部逐渐向东部扩大,高温区主要集中在各县城或乡镇及人口较密集的地方,低温区主要集中在人口稀少的地方及北部无人区域,2002—2015年低温区分布无明显变化。(2)卫星反演的地表温度值与实测的气温数据具有较好的正相关性,与降水量呈负相关。随着藏北高原东部地区城镇的飞速发展,人类活动明显增加,高温区覆盖范围面积不断增大,2015年面积达到最大。

The paper aims to study the variation characteristics of surface temperature in the northern Tibetan plateau. Based on the land surface temperature(LST) remote sensing data from MODIS/TERRA satellite during2002-2015 and the meteorological data for the same time, we analyzed the interannual variation of surface temperature in the northern Tibetan plateau. The results showed that:(1) the surface temperature in the northern Tibetan plateau had a slowly rising trend during 2002-2015, with the highest value of 35.3℃ in the summer of 2013 and 2015;and the lowest temperature of 5.2℃ appeared in the winter of 2011;the spatial distribution of surface temperature showed that: the high temperature area gradually expanded from the west to the east in the northern Tibetan plateau and mainly located in counties or towns where the population was relatively dense, but the low temperature areas were in the north part or sparsely populated areas with no significant variation;(2) there was a good positive correlation between the surface temperature of satellite retrieval and the observed meteorological data, while the surface temperature was negatively correlated with precipitation. In recent years, with the rapid development of towns in the eastern part of the northern Tibetan plateau, the human activities have increased significantly, which result in the increase of high-temperature areas reaching the largest in 2015.