番茄生长表型对棉秸秆复合育苗基质理化性质的响应

The Growth Phenotype of Tomato: Response to Physical and Chemical Properties of Cotton Straw Mixed Seedling Matrix

研究棉秸秆复合育苗基质的理化性质及其与番茄生长表型的关系,旨在为合理高效利用秸秆资源提供理论基础。以棉秸秆复合育苗基质理化性状为自变量,以番茄幼苗生长表型为因变量进行通径分析。腐熟后的棉秸杆在添加AM菌土、菇渣+烟渣混合物和蛭石等基料后可显著提高番茄种子的萌发率(P<0.05);T4(棉秸秆:AM菌土:珍珠岩=3:0.5:1)处理番茄幼苗质量最优且与CK (PINDSTRUP)无显著差异性(P>0.05),棉秸秆混配其他基料后可显著提高容重、降低EC值(P<0.05);通径分析表明,容重、总孔隙度、p H、EC值是影响番茄生长表型的主要因子,其中通气孔隙和持水空隙对其生长表型是协同、促进作用,而其他因素的作用是负向的。适量增加棉秸秆复合育苗基质的通气孔隙和持水空隙,降低容重、p H以及EC值有利于培育番茄壮苗。

The relationship between the physical and chemical properties of cotton straw mixed seedling matrix and tomato growth phenotype was studied to provide a theoretical basis for rational and efficient utilization of straw resources. Path analysis was carried out, the physical and chemical properties of compound nursery substrate of cotton straw were independent variable, and the growth phenotype of tomato seedling was dependent variable. The mature cotton straw increased the germination rate of tomato seeds significantly, after adding AM soil, mushroom residue & soot mixture and vermiculite(P<0.05). T4(cotton straw: AM soil:Perlite = 3:0.5:1) was the best, and the tomato seedling quality had no significant difference with CK(PINDSTRUP)(P>0.05);cotton straw mixed with other base materials increased bulk density and reduced EC value(P<0.05) significantly. Path analysis showed that the main factors affecting tomato growth phenotype were density, total porosity, pH value and EC, among which aeration porosity and water-holding voids had synergistic and promoting effect, while other factors had negative effect. Moderately increasing the aeration porosity and water holding voids of the cotton-straw mixed seedling-raising matrix and reducing the bulk density, pH value and EC value could be conducive to the cultivation of tomato seedlings.