放牧对土壤理化性状及植被多样性的影响

Grazing: Effects on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Vegetation Diversity

放牧是家畜饲养方式之一,是草地最简单而又有效的利用方式,但放牧中的家畜家禽通过采食牧草、践踏土壤和牧草以及粪便排泄影响着草地植被和土壤,不同强度的放牧对地下土壤与地上植被的影响不同。本研究综述了近几年来放牧对地下部土壤有机质、氮、磷、钾、土壤容重、有机碳以及微生物多样性的影响,对植被多样性及草群成分的影响等,旨在为今后家畜放牧行为研究以及放牧科学研究提供理论依据。

Grazing is one of the ways of raising livestock,and also the simplest and most effective way of utilizing grassland.But livestock could affect grassland vegetation and soil through forage grazing,trampling on soil and forage,and feces excretion,so the effects of different intensities of grazing on soil and vegetation are different.This paper summarized the effects of livestock grazing on underground soil organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,soil bulk density,organic carbon and microbial diversity,vegetation diversity and grass composition,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for study livestock grazing behavior and scientific grazing.