樱桃园土壤水热变化特征及其对气象因子的响应

Soil Moisture and Temperature in Cherry Orchard:Variation Characteristics and Response to Meteorological Factors

旨在为樱桃园灌溉管理和土壤水分预报提供参考依据。利用实测土壤含水量、土壤温度和气象资料,分析其土壤水热特征、相互关系以及与气象因子的统计关系。结果表明:樱桃园各层土壤水分在降水和蒸散共同作用下,呈波浪式补给与消耗且变化特征不一致;土壤温度年内变化大致呈倒"V"型。随土壤深度增加,土壤水分、土壤温度稳定性提高。土壤水分与土壤温度变化趋势同步,基本表现为水热同期现象。不同时间尺度下,旱、雨季影响土壤水分的主要气象因子不同;随时间尺度增大,土壤温度对气温响应越显著。土壤水热对气象因子的响应存在累积效应,为土壤水分挑选预报因子提供一种思路。

The paper aims to provide references for irrigation management and soil moisture prediction in cherry orchards.Based on the measured soil moisture,soil temperature and meteorological data,we analyzed the soil moisture and temperature characteristics,interrelationships and the statistical relationships with meteorological factors.The results showed that:the soil moisture in each layer of cherry orchard had different variation characteristics and had wave-mode supply and consumption under the combined action of precipitation and evapotranspiration;the change of soil temperature during the year was roughly an inverted"V"type;with the increase of soil depth,the stability of soil moisture and temperature increased;the change trend of soil moisture and soil temperature was synchronous,which was basically characterized by the simultaneous phenomenon of moisture and temperature.At different time scales,the main meteorological factors affected soil moisture during the dry and rainy season were different;with the increase of time scale,the response of soil temperature was more significant to air temperature.In conclusion,there is a cumulative effect in the response of soil moisture and temperature to meteorological factors,and the study could provide references for selecting forecast factors for soil moisture.