规模化还是多元化,抑或二者并举?——种子企业技术创新能力提升路径的实证分析

Scaling-up or Diversification, or Both? An Empirical Analysis of the Improvement Path of Seed Enterprises’ Technological Innovation Ability

本文运用210家玉米种子企业的调查数据,从产出角度界定技术创新能力,实证分析企业规模化和多元化对技术创新能力的直接影响和交互影响,同时考察市场化程度的调节效应。研究发现:(1)规模化有助于种子企业技术创新产出数量的提升。(2)多元化(尤其是相关多元化)有助于种子企业技术创新产出质量的提升。当技术创新产出质量不同时,多元化的效应也存在差异。当技术创新产出质量较高时,相关多元化有助于技术创新产出质量的提升,非相关多元化对技术创新产出质量具有不利影响;当技术创新产出质量居行业中游时,非相关多元化有助于技术创新产出质量的提升。(3)从高质量发展的角度来看,规模化和多元化在对种子企业技术创新能力的影响中具有协同效应。(4)市场化程度有助于种子企业通过规模化和多元化提升技术创新能力。研究表明,规模化与多元化并举是种子企业提升技术创新能力的有效路径,但在实施中应考虑企业技术创新能力的差异,同时应充分发挥市场在上述提升效应中的积极作用。

Based on the survey data collected from 210 corn seed enterprises,this article defines technological innovation ability from the perspective of output,empirically analyzes the direct and interactive effects of enterprises’scaling-up and diversification on technological innovation ability,and examines the moderating effect of marketization degree at the same time.The results show that,firstly,scaling-up is helpful to improve the output quantity of seed enterprises’technological innovation.Secondly,diversification,especially related diversification,is helpful to improve the output quality of seed enterprises’technological innovation.When the output quality of technological innovation is different,the effect of diversification is also different.When the output quality of technological innovation is high,the related diversification is helpful to improve the output quality of technological innovation,but unrelated diversification has an adverse effect on the output quality of technological innovation.When the output quality of technological innovation is in the middle of the industry,unrelated diversification is helpful to improve the output quality of technological innovation.Thirdly,from the perspective of high-quality development,scaling-up and diversification have a synergistic effect on the technological innovation capabilities of seed enterprises.Fourthly,the marketization degree is helpful to improve seed enterprises’technological innovation capabilities through scaling-up and diversification.The results show that the simultaneous development of scaling-up and diversification is an effective way for seed enterprises to improve their technological innovation ability,but the differences of enterprises’technological innovation capabilities should be considered in the implementation,and the market’s positive role in the above-mentioned improvement effects should be fully brought into play.