中学生应激性生活事件与自伤的关系:积极发展素质的调节作用

The Effect of Stressful Life Events on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Chinese Adolescents:The Moderating Role of Positive Youth Development

目的:考察中学生应激性生活事件与自伤的关系,以及积极发展素质在两者间的调节作用。方法:采用中学生生活事件量表、自我伤害行为量表和青少年积极发展素质量表,对1839名中学生进行测量。结果:(1)中学生的自伤行为发生率约为17.0%;(2)应激性生活事件各维度分与自伤呈显著正相关,积极发展素质各维度分与自伤呈显著负相关;(3)应激性生活事件中的学业压力与人际矛盾显著正向预测自伤;而青少年积极发展素质中的家长与同伴支持、心理安全维度显著负向预测自伤;(4)积极发展素质中的教师支持维度可以调节应激性生活事件与自伤的关系。与低教师支持者相比,高教师支持的中学生在经历应激性生活事件时,自伤的发生率更低。结论:培养青少年的积极发展素质,建构有效的教师支持体系,可以缓冲应激性生活事件对青少年的负面影响,降低青少年自伤的发生率。

The aim of the present study is to explore the relationship among stressful life events,positive youth development and non-suicidal self-injury in Chinese adolescents.A large sample of(N=1839)middle school students were recruited from three local schools in Tianjin.All participants were required to complete the Adolescent Life Events Scale,the Health-Risk Behavior Inventory for Chinese Adolescents Scale,and the Chinese version of Positive Youth Development Scale.Hierarchical regression analysis was used to explore the interact role of stressful life events,positive youth development and non-suicidal self-injury.The results showed that the prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury was relatively higher(17.0%)than those in previous studies.Stressful life events,such as academic stress and interpersonal conflicts significantly and positively predicted non-suicidal self-injury,whereas the positive youth development components,such as psychological safety,parents and peers’support significantly and negatively predicted non-suicidal self-injury.Further,teachers’support effectively moderated the effects of stressful life events on non-suicidal self-injury.Future crisis intervention may focus on developing the positive youth development programs,and promoting psychological health in adolescents.