匿名标准化病人在心理健康领域的应用:一项系统综述

Unannounced Standardized Patients in Mental Health: A Systematic Review

目的:本研究旨在综述所有将匿名标准化病人应用于心理健康领域的研究。方法:检索了Pubmed、Embase、Cochrane、Web of Science、Ovid五个英文数据库和中国知网、维普、万方三个中文数据库自建库起至2020年2月15日所有已出版的英文和中文文献,并对其进行质量评价。结果:共15篇文献纳入分析,涉及9个研究项目,分别在美国、英国、波兰、中国、澳大利亚、伊朗6个国家进行,研究的病种主要集中在抑郁。所有文献都提及了匿名标准化病人的开发和信效度验证,但具体内容和方法存在差异。匿名标准化病人的应用以评价基层医生医疗服务质量为主。结论:统一的信效度验证方法亟待建立,并且应在信效度验证中增加预调查的环节。针对某项干预措施探讨能否有效提升医疗服务质量的效果评估研究是今后可参考的方向。

Objective:To conduct a systematic review of published studies that used unannounced standardized patients in real practice of mental health.Methods:We searched five English databases(Pubmed,Embase,Cochrane,Web of Science,Ovid)and three Chinese databases(CNKI,VIP,Wanfang).All papers were scored with standardized quality-assessment tools.Results:We identified 15 papers of 9 projects,which were conducted in the USA,UK,Poland,China,Australia,and Iran.Depression is the most frequently used case.All studies reported the process of developing and validating the cases,although they took different approaches.Most studies were conducted in the primary care setting to evaluate the quality of health care.Conclusion:Standardized and consistent methods for validating unannounced standardized patients should be established and validation should be conducted in the pilot of any studies.The experimental study could be considered in future studies to explore if a certain intervention could improve the quality of health care.