论从无权利人处取得数据财产权

Bona Fide Acquisition for Data Property

为了促进数据经济的发展并确保数据交易的安全性,有必要对善意取得制度中的信赖保护理论进行详细阐述,以建立从无权利人处取得数据财产权的私法规范。然而,在考虑诸如数据安全保护等因素时,这一规范的设计必须明确区分数据采集行为和数据加工行为对数据财产权无权处分所产生的差异。在规范构造上,允许他人采集数据应属于主动创设不同于真实权利外观的可归责要素。因此,作为利益相关方之一的数据内容相对人应当在交易风险中承担不利后果。在规范构建方面,数据财产权的善意取得制度的要件构建应涵盖数据载体和数据内容两个方面的权利外观。值得注意的是,在制度构建方面,由于数据内容可能涉及其他相关方的权益,因此,在涉及从无权利人处取得数据财产权时,除了考虑无权处分人、受让人和原权利人之外,还必须考虑第四个相关主体,即数据内容利益相对人与他人的法律关系。

In order to promote the development of the data economy and ensure the security of data transactions,it is necessary to provide a detailed exposition of the reliance protection theory in the regime of Bona Fide Acquisition.This is crucial for establishing private legal norms for obtaining property rights to data from individuals without legal standing(Unauthorized Disposition).However,when considering factors such as data security protection,the design of this norm must clearly distinguish between the actions of data collection and data processing in terms of the inability to dispose of property rights.This article argues that allowing others to collect data constitutes an actively created attributable element different from the real appearance of rights.Therefore,the data subject,as one of the stakeholders,should bear the adverse consequences in transaction risks.In terms of regulatory construction,the requirements for the construction of the system for Bona Fide Acquisition for Data Property should encompass the aspects of both data carriers and data content.It is noteworthy that in the construction of the system,given that data content may involve the interests of other relevant parties,when dealing with the acquisition of data property rights from individuals without legal standing,the consideration should extend beyond the non-disposing party,the transferee,and the original right holder.It must also account for the fourth relevant entity,namely the legal relationship between the data content interest holder and others.