民营企业腐败犯罪经验研究

Empirical Research on the Corruption Crime in Private Enterprises

以往被忽视的损害民企利益的内部腐败犯罪日益严重,以行贿为主要表现形式的为企业谋利型外部腐败犯罪在民营企业相对突出,民营企业腐败犯罪案件在行为主体、案发环节、行业分布上具有一定规律性。对损害民企利益的内部腐败犯罪,国家刑事力量应在民营企业需要时依法“在场”,以实现对民营经济实质意义的平等保护,同时通过柔性的非刑事途径引导、帮助民营企业改善内部治理结构、提高内部治理水平;对“权力依赖型”民营企业(家)实施的“围猎结盟权力型”行贿犯罪,应依法严厉打击,避免形成“劣币驱逐良币”的营商环境;对通过正常生产经营活动创收纳税、提供就业机会,仅因迫于“潜规则”而实施“遵从屈服权力型”行贿犯罪的民营企业(家),则可通过“合作-合规从宽”制度予以挽救。

The internal corruption crimes that were neglected in the past and harmed the interests of private enterprises have become increasingly serious.External corruption crimes for the profit of enterprises with bribery as the main form are relatively prominent in private enterprises,and cases of corruption in private enterprises have certain regularity in the subject of behavior,case links and industry distribution.For the internal corruption crimes that harm the interests of private enterprises,the national criminal force should be“present”when private enterprises need it according to law,so as to realize the equal protection of the private economy in essence,and guide and help private enterprises to improve their internal governance structure and improve the internal corruption governance level through flexible non-criminal channels.For“power-dependent”private enterprises(entrepreneur)to carry out“hunting alliance power”bribery crimes,should be severely cracked down on in accordance with the law,for the benefit of the country’s overall anticorruption,and avoid the formation of“bad money to drives out good”bad business environment;For private enterprises(entrepreneur)that generate taxes through normal production and operation,provide employment opportunities for the society,and commit bribery crimes of“obeying power and yielding”only because of“hidden rules”,they can be saved through the“cooperation-compliance leniency”system.