由新型冠状病毒疫情引发的关于口腔科防护服的选择与思考

Selection and consideration of protective clothing in department of stomatology caused by the outbreak of new coronavirus

自2019年12月在武汉发现新型冠状病毒,其引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)已成为国际关注的重大公共卫生事件[1]。根据国家卫生健康委员会在2020年3月3日发布的《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第七版)》,其中明确指出"经呼吸道飞沫和密切接触传播是主要的传播途径,在相对封闭的环境中长时间暴露于高浓度气溶胶情况下存在经气溶胶传播的可能"。口腔诊疗中医护人员与患者的唾液、血液、气溶胶等近距离接触,发生感染的风险极大,因此全国口腔专科医院、综合医院口腔科及私立口腔机构均采取停止普通门诊、仅处理口腔急诊的措施。不管是应对公共卫生突发事件还是日常的临床工作,口腔科医务人员都面临着随时被感染的风险。因此口腔医护人员的防护显得尤其重要。目前的防护服不适用于口腔科的诊疗操作,选择适用于口腔医护人员的防护服是口腔临床工作的迫切需求。本文通过探讨医用防护服的研究现状、性能以及目前存在问题,为口腔科防护服的选择和改进提供一些思考和建议,以期为在应对重大公共卫生突发事件以及平时的诊疗工作中,更有效的控制医源性感染提供一些参考意见。

Since the discovery of novel coronavirus in Wuhan in December 2019, and the new coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19) has become a major public health event of international concern[1]. The novel coronavirus pneumonia diagnosis and treatment plan(trial version 7) released by the national health and Health Committee in March 3, 2020, clearly stated that "respiratory droplet and close contact transmission is the main route of transmission. In a relatively closed environment,long time exposure to high concentration aerosol exists the possibility of aerosol spreading." In the oral treatment,close contact between medical staff and patients’ saliva, blood, aerosol, etc. is of great risk of infection. Therefore, the department of stomatology in specialized stomatological hospitals, general hospitals and private stomatological institutions all over the country have taken measures to stop the general outpatient service and only dealing with the oral emergency. Whether in response to public health emergencies or daily clinical work, dental staff are faced with the risk of infection at any time.Therefore, the protection of dental staff is particularly important. The current protective clothing is not suitable for the diagnosis and treatment of Stomatology, so it is an urgent need to select the protective clothing suitable for the dental staff.This paper discusses the research status, performance and existing problems of medical protective clothing, and provides some thoughts and suggestions for the selection and improvement of dental protective clothing, in order to provide some reference opinions for more effective control of iatrogenic infection in response to major public health emergencies and normal diagnosis and treatment work.