以家庭为中心的健康教育对妊娠期糖尿病孕产妇干预研究

Intervention Research of Family-centered Health Education on Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes

目的探讨以家庭为中心的健康教育对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕产妇干预的效果。方法选择罗定市妇幼保健院2019年5月-2021年4月诊治的104例GDM患者,随机分为干预组和常规组,每组各52例。常规组给予常规产检及健康教育,干预组在常规干预基础上给予以家庭为中心的健康教育。比较两组血糖水平、糖尿病自我管理行为量表(DSCS)评分、不良妊娠结局。结果干预前,两组血糖水平(FPG、2hPG、HbA1c)无显著差别(P>0.05);干预后,干预组血糖水平低于常规组(P<0.05)。干预前,两组DSCS评分(饮食控制、运动锻炼、遵医嘱用药、血糖监测、足部护理、高低血糖处理和总分)无显著差别(P>0.05);干预后,干预组DSCS评分高于常规组(P<0.05)。干预组孕产妇和新生儿的不良妊娠结局发生率均低于常规组(P<0.05)。结论以家庭为中心的健康教育有助于GDM孕产妇自我管理,提高血糖控制水平,减少不良妊娠结局的发生。

Objective To explore the intervention of family-centered health education on pregnant women with gestational diabetes(GDM).Methods The 104 GDM patients diagnosed and treated from May 2019 to April 2021 in Luoding Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected and randomly divided into intervention group and routine group,with 52 cases in each group.The routine group was given routine check-ups and health education,and the intervention group was given family-centered health education on the basis of routine intervention.The blood glucose levels,the Diabetes Self-Management Behavior Scale(DSCS)scores,and adverse pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results Before the intervention,there was no significant difference in blood glucose levels(FPG,2hPG,HbA1c)between the two groups;(P>0.05);after the intervention,the blood glucose level of the intervention group was lower than that of the conventional group(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there was no significant difference in the DSCS scores(diet control,exercise,medication,blood glucose monitoring,foot care,high and low blood sugar management,and total score)between the two groups;(P>0.05);after the intervention,the intervention group had a high DSCS score In the routine group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes for both pregnant women and newborns in the intervention group was lower than that in the routine group(P<0.05).Conclusion Family-centered health education helps GDM pregnant women to self-manage,improve blood sugar control levels,and reduce the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.