智慧养老服务供需失配及其治理研究——基于上海市F区社区居家养老的调查分析

Mismatch between Supply and Demand of Smart Elderly Care and Governance Paths——A Research Based on the Community Home-based Elderly Care in F District,Shanghai

智慧养老是数字时代解决“银龄危机”的重要革新,但实践中智慧养老服务供需失配时有发生,供给不足与供给过剩并存。本文基于上海市F区社区居家智慧养老服务调查,结合可及性理论和TOE框架,探讨智慧养老服务因何失配及何以适配等问题。研究表明,F区智慧养老服务供需失配突出,服务可及性弱,究其原因:一是平台建设、技术嵌入、数字管理等技术支撑乏力;二是资金投入、科层逻辑、服务能力等组织支持不够;三是服务需求、政策支持、老人观念等环境因素制约。推进智慧养老服务的供需对接和高质量发展,尚需从技术增效、组织重构、环境驱动等方面共同发力,为积极应对人口老龄化提供支持。

Smart elderly care plays an essential role in solving the“silver age crisis”in the digital era.However,the mismatch between the supply and demand of smart elderly care service occurs from time to time,and the problems of under-supply as well as over-supply coexist simultaneously.Based on the community home-based elderly care in F District,Shanghai,this study combines the accessibility theory and TOE framework to analyze why smart elderly care services are mismatched and how they can be adapted to the needs of the elderly.It is found that the mismatch between supply and demand of smart elderly care is characterized by weak accessibility,and the reasons are as follows:firstly,the lack of technical support such as platform construction,technology embedding and digital management;secondly,the lack of organizational support such as financial investment,sectional logic and service capacity;thirdly,the constraints of environmental factors such as service demand,policy support and the percieved ideas of the elderly.Therefore,to promote the humanization and high-quality development of smart elderly care services,it is still necessary to make joint efforts in terms of technological efficiency,organizational restructuring and environmental drive to provide support for coping with population aging actively.