营商环境对外商直接投资流入的影响研究——基于省际纵贯数据的分析

The Impact of Business Environment on FDI Inflow:Analysis Based on Provincial Longitudinal Data

就中国各省层面来看,优化营商环境是否可以促进外商直接投资流入?营商环境中的哪些构成要素对外商直接投资流入促进作用更为明显?本文立足于中国特色的营商环境内涵,将营商环境分为政务环境、市场环境、法治环境三个维度,通过构建全国31个省份营商环境与外商直接投资流入的面板数据,运用固定效应模型对数据进行检验。研究表明,营商环境及其各维度对各省份外商直接投资流入均具有显著的正向影响,其中市场环境对外商直接投资流入影响最大,政务环境次之,法治环境流入影响相对较小,这表明放宽市场准入、优化市场环境等政策要比"秒批"、保护知识产权、优化政务环境和法治环境等政策更能促进外商直接投资。

At the provincial level,can optimizing the business environment promote the inflow of FDI?Which elements of business environment have more obvious effect on FDI inflow?Based on the connotation of business environment with Chinese characteristics,this paper divides business environment into three dimensions:government environment,market environment and legal environment.By constructing the panel data of business environment and FDI inflow of 31 provinces in China,the fixed effect model is used to test the data.The results show that the business environment and its dimersions have a significant positive impact on FDI inflows in every province.The market environment has the largest impact on FDI inflows,followed by the government environment and legal environment has a relatively small impact.This fact shows that the policy of relaxing market access and optimizing the market environment can play a more important role in promoting FDI than the policy of optimizing the government environment and legal environment such as“second batch”and protecting intellectual property rights.