某医科大学大一新生手机成瘾现状及相关因素分析

Mobile phone addiction and its influencing factors among freshmen in a medical university

目的了解医学专业大一新生手机成瘾现状及影响因素,为采取早期干预措施提供理论依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样((学院-专业-班级)的方法,使用大学生手机成瘾倾向量表(MPATS)、交往焦虑量表(IAS)、一般资料调查表,于2018年9月选取山东省某医学院校临床医学、预防医学、口腔医学、基础医学4个专业、14个班级、536名大一新生进行调查。结果医学专业大一新生手机成瘾得分(33.37±10.10)分、交往焦虑得分(42.35±8.77)分、手机成瘾率为9.70%,男女生、城镇与农村生源地、独生子女与非独生子女的MPATS总分差异无统计学意义;相关分析结果显示,MPATS总分与IAS总分呈正相关关系(r=0.400,均P<0.01);逐步多元回归分析结果显示,影响医学专业大一新生手机成瘾的因素有交往焦虑(β=0.351,95%CI:0.31~0.50)、家庭氛围和谐(β=-0.136,95%CI:-4.46^-1.20)、主观幸福感(β=0.098,95%CI:0.25~2.34)、家庭平均月收入高低(β=-0.109,95%CI:-2.80^-0.46)、学习压力(β=0.108,95%CI:0.54~3.59)结论交往焦虑、家庭氛围和谐、主观幸福感、家庭平均月收入高低、学习压力是影响医学专业大一新生手机成瘾的主要因素。

Objective To describe the status of mobile phone addiction and its influencing factors among freshmen in a medical university,and to provide theoretical evidence for early intervention.Methods In September 2018,a stratified cluster sampling method was used to randomly recruit a total of 536 freshmen from 14 classes of 4 majors in a medical university in Shandong,and a survey was conducted using mobile phone addiction tendency scale(MPATS),interaction anxiousness scale(IAS)and general information questionnaire.Results The overall scores of MPATS and IAS were(33.37±10.10)and(42.35±8.77).The mobile phone addiction,rate was 9.70%.There were no statistically significant differences in total MPATS scores between male and female students,students from urban and rural areas as well as students from one-child family and multi-children family.The correlation analysis showed that the total score of MPATS was positively correlated with the total score of IAS(r=0.400,P<0.01).Stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the mobile phone addiction of freshmen were interaction anxiousness(β=0.351,95%CI=0.31-0.50),family atmosphere(β=-0.136,95%CI=-4.46-1.20),subjective well-being(β=0.098,95%CI=0.25-2.34),average monthly family income(β=-0.109,95%CI=-2.80-0.46)and study pressure(β=0.108,95%CI=0.54-3.59).Conclusions Interaction anxiousness,family atmosphere,subjective well-being,average monthly family income and studyg pressure are the major factors that influence the mobile phone addiction of freshmen in a medical university in Shandong.