四川省成都市女性居民社会资本对抑郁症状的影响探究

Exploring the influence of social capital on depressive symptoms among female residents in Chengdu

目的探讨社会资本对四川省成都市女性居民抑郁症状的影响,为促进女性居民心理健康提供建议和参考。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,于2021年抽取成都市社区女性居民1340人,采用10条目流调中心用抑郁量表(Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10,CESD-10)以及社会资本量表进行问卷调查。使用二分类Logistic回归模型探究抑郁症状与一般人口学特征和社会资本的关系。结果本次调查对象抑郁症状发生率为26.3%。其中,中年女性(18.6%)居民抑郁症状发生率较低,而独居(38.4%)、未婚(40.5%)、患有慢性病(31.2%)、近2周患病(32.3%)的女性居民抑郁症状发生率较高。社会资本与女性抑郁症状的发生呈负相关关系(OR=0.997,95%CI:0.996~0.998),社会资本中的社会交往与参与维度得分越高的女性居民发生抑郁症状的风险越低(OR=0.995,95%CI:0.993~0.996),家庭支持维度得分越高的女性居民发生抑郁症状的风险越低(OR=0.991,95%CI:0.989~0.993)。结论应该关注城市女性居民抑郁症状,对影响女性居民抑郁症状的社会资本因素采取针对性手段进行干预,有利于改善女性抑郁状况。

Objective To explore the effects of social capital on the depressive symptoms of female residents,and to provide suggestions and references for promoting their mental health.Methods Using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method,1340 female residents in the Chengdu community were selected and questionnaires were administered using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale 10(CESD-10)and the Social Capital Questionnaire.A two-classification logistic regression model was used to explore the relationship between depressive symptoms and general demographic characteristics and social capital.Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms among the respondents of this survey was26.3%.The prevalence of depressive symptoms was lower among middle-aged female residents(18.6%,P<0.05),while it was higher among those who lived alone(38.4%),were unmarried(40.5%),had a chronic illness(31.2%),and had a two-week illness(32.3%)(P<0.05).Social capital was negatively associated with the occurrence of depressive symptoms in women(OR=0.997,95%CI:0.996-0.998),with higher scores on the social interaction and participation dimension of social capital having a lower risk of depressive symptoms(OR=0.995,95%CI:0.993-0.996)and higher scores on the family support dimension having a lower risk of depressive symptoms.(OR=0.991,95%CI:0.989-0.993)and the higher the score on the family support dimension,the lower the risk of depressive symptoms.Conclusion Attention should be paid to depressive symptoms in urban women residents and targeted interventions to address the social capital factors that influence depressive symptoms in women residents will help to improve their depression.