中小学生静态行为及其与主观幸福感的关系研究

The relationship between static behavior of primary and middle school students and their subjective well-being

目的了解中小学生静态行为状况以及与主观幸福感的相关关系,为有效降低中小学生静态行为时间、提高主观幸福感水平提供支持。方法采用方便抽样的方法在临沂市抽取4所小学和4所中学的1264名中小学生进行静态行为和幸福感状况的调查。结果15.11%的中小学生有互联网过度使用的问题,上网时间2 h/d以上的学生比例为15.35%,看电视时间长的学生比例为3.40%。互联网过度使用,男生为17.68%,女生为12.58%;游戏过度使用,男生为12.58%,女生为6.13%;差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。小学与初中学生互联网过度使用,小学为6.84%,初中为22.92%;游戏过度使用,小学为5.05%,初中为13.38%;差异均统计学意义(P<0.01)。阅读电子书与正性情感存在正相关(R^2=0.05);玩游戏和在线聊天、看新闻与负性情绪存在正相关(R^2=0.05),查资料对个人幸福感指数也有正相关(R^2=0.03)。在线聊天对中学生的正性情感存在负相关(R^2=0.05),玩游戏对中学生生活满意度和个人幸福感指数也有负相关(R^2=0.01、0.03)。结论应对中小学生静态行为引起重视,尤其应降低中小学生网络游戏时长,促进中小学生身心健康发展。

Objective To understand the static behavior of primary and middle school students and its correlation with subjective well-being,and to provide support for effectively reducing the time of static behavior of primary and middle school students and improving their subjective well-being.Methods A sample of 1264 primary and secondary school students in 4 primary schools and 4 middle schools were sampled in Linyi City to conduct a survey of static behavior and happiness.Results 15.11%of primary and middle school students had problems with excessive Internet use.The proportion of students who spent more than 2 h/d on the Internet was 15.35%,and the proportion of students who watched TV for a long time was 3.40%.Excessive Internet use was 17.68%for boys and 12.58%for girls;excessive use of games was 12.58%for boys and 6.13%for girls;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).Primary and junior high school students’excessive Internet use was 6.84%in primary schools and 22.92%in junior high schools;excessive use of games was 5.05%in primary schools and 13.38%in junior high schools;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).There is a positive correlation between reading e-books and positive emotions(R^2=0.05);there is a positive correlation between negative emotions when playing games and online chats and watching news(R^2=0.05),and there is also a positive correlation between personal data and the index of happiness(R^2=0.03).There was a negative correlation between online chat and middle school students’positive emotions(R^2=0.05).Playing games also had a negative correlation with middle school students’life satisfaction and personal well-being index(R^2=0.01,0.03).Conclusion It is necessary to pay attention to the static behaviors of primary and middle school students,especially to reduce the length of online games for primary and middle school students,and to promote their physical and mental health.