某高校学生不良健康生活方式与负性情绪、感觉寻求的关系

Relationship between unhealthy lifestyle and negative emotion,sensation seeking of students in a university

目的调查某高校大学生吸烟、饮酒、赌博行为等不良健康生活方式的现状及其与负性情绪、感觉寻求的关系,为高校管理学生的健康危险行为提供参考。方法采用分层整群取样抽取大学生2200人完成吸烟、饮酒、赌博行为问卷,抑郁-焦虑-压力自评量表和感觉寻求量表。结果男生1037人(50.2%),女生1027人(49.8%);大学生的吸烟、饮酒、赌博行为的发生率分别为15.7%、39.2%、14.4%。不同性别、专业、年级学生的吸烟、饮酒、赌博率差异有统计学意义(P均<0.001),男生比率(28.3%、54.7%、21.1%)均比女生(3.1%、23.6%、7.7%)高,理科生比率(18.3%、42.0%、17.5%)均比文科生(8.6%、31.5%、6.0%)高,三年级学生比率(21.4%、42.2%、20.2%)均比大一(9.2%、35.4%、9.2%)、大二(16.2%、39.8%、13.1%)高。感觉寻求能够影响吸烟和饮酒(吸烟:OR=1.118,95%CI:1.059~1.181;饮酒:OR=1.054,95%CI:1.013~1.097,P均<0.01);压力能够影响饮酒(OR=1.079,95%CI:1.027~1.134,P<0.01)。结论大学生吸烟、饮酒、赌博行为发生率不容忽视,高校应该结合三种危险行为的特点加强预防和干预,引导学生通过积极行为满足感觉寻求需要,培养和提高学生的心理调适能力。

Objective To investigate unhealthy lifestyle(such as smoking、drinking、gambling)status and relationship between them and negative emotion,sensation seeking of students in a university,and provide suggestions for management on health risk behavior of college students.Methods Using stratified cluster sampling method,a total of 2200 college students were enrolled to complete Cigarettes Use Questionnaire,Alcohol Use Questionnaire,Gambling Behavior Questionnaire,Depression Anxiety Stress Scale and Sensation Seeking Scale.Results There were 1037(50.2%)males and 1027(49.8%)females,the college students’occurrence rates of smoking,drinking,gambling were 15.7%,39.2%,14.4%,respectively.There were significant difference between different gender,major,grade students’on smoking,drinking,gambling occurrence rates(All P<0.001).The rates of male(28.3%,54.7%,21.1%)were higher than that of the female(3.1%,23.6%,7.7%),the rates of science major(18.3%,42.0%,17.5%)were higher that of art major(8.6%,31.5%,6.0%),the rates of junior(21.4%,42.2%,20.2%)were higher than that of the freshmen(9.2%,35.4%,9.2%)and sophomores(16.2%,39.8%,13.1%).College students’sensation seeking were associated with their smoking and drinking behaviors(smoking:OR=1.118,95%CI:1.059-1.181;drinking:OR=1.054,95%CI:1.013-1.097,both P<0.01).Stress was associated with their drinking behavior(OR=1.079,95%Cl:1.027-1.134,P<0.01).Conclusion It should be paid attention to smoking,drinking and gambling behaviors among college students.Colleges should prevent and intervene these risk behaviors combining their characteristics,lead students to gain sensation seeking through positive risk behavior,cultivate and improve students’ability of psychology adjustment.