基于卫星AIS数据的北极水域我国船舶活动分析

Study on Activity of Chinese Ships in the Arctic Water Area Based on Satellite AIS Data

针对高纬度水域卫星船舶自动识别系统(Automatic Identification System,AIS)数据存在的属性缺失与异常等方面问题,结合IHS海事综合数据库和数据库结构化查询技术(Structured Query Language,SQL)对2015—2017年北极水域卫星AIS数据进行清洗、修复等处理,并利用数据挖掘(Data Mining,DM)与地理信息系统技术(Geographic Information System,GIS)对北极水域我国船舶活动进行可视化分析。研究表明:2015—2017年北极水域我国船舶活动次数逐年增长,活动船舶以10000总吨以上、船长小于200 m的货船为主,且能以航速大于12 kn横跨东北航道,但西北航道船舶则以相对缓慢的0~6 kn航速为主。研究结论能为我国积极参与北极科考、军事活动以及航运企业制定航运计划等运输策略提供理论依据。

Data cleansing and data recovery for Satellite AIS(Automatic Identification System)data from the Arctic water area in the period of 2015—2017 is performed with the help of the comprehensive maritime database of IHS and SQL(Structured Query Language)technology.The activity of Chinese ships in the area is visualized by means of DM(Data Mining)and GIS(Geographic Information System)technologies.The study shows that the times of Chinese ships navigating in the area was growing up in the period and most of the ships are freight ships under 10000 gross tons and 200 m in length.They were able to navigate through the Northeast route at a speed over 12 kn.But in the northwest route the speed is lower,typically 0—6 kn.These data can be a reference for planning further activities in the area.