缓释氮肥对香蕉苗生长、养分吸收和光合作用的影响

The influence of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer on banana seedling growth,nutrient absorption and photosynthesis

通过盆栽试验研究不同形态氮肥对香蕉苗生长、养分吸收、光合作用的影响,为香蕉合理施氮提供理论依据。试验共设5个处理,施用不同形态氮肥硫酸铵、尿素、尿素硝铵、缓释氮,以不施氮肥为对照。分析施用不同形态氮肥对香蕉苗生长、养分积累量、光合作用、根系构型、氮肥利用率及土壤养分含量等指标的影响。结果表明:缓释氮处理的香蕉苗氮肥利用率最高,为31.64%,叶面积、生物量最大,香蕉全氮、全磷、全钾积累量及净光合速率、蒸腾速率均最高;同对照相比,缓释氮处理的总根长、根系总表面积、根系平均直径、根系总体积分别增加了174.96%、174.71%、77.55%、181.24%。施用缓释氮与尿素硝铵香蕉苗的生长及根系构型、光合作用均优于尿素,且缓释氮处理香蕉苗的生长、生理等综合指标最佳。

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different forms of nitrogen fertilizer on banana seedling growth, nutrient absorption, and photosynthesis, and provide a theoretical basis for reasonable nitrogen fertilization in bananas. The experiment set up five treatments: ammonium sulfate, urea, urea ammonium nitrate, slow-release nitrogen,no nitrogen fertilizer as control. By analyzing the effects of different forms of nitrogen fertilizer on soil nutrient content,growth indicators, nutrient accumulation, photosynthesis, root vitality and root architecture and other indicators. The conclusion is that the banana with slow-release nitrogen treatment has the highest nitrogen utilization rate was 31.64%, the largest leaf area and biomass, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium accumulation, net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate were highest. Compared with the control, the total root length, total surface area, average diameter, and total root volume of the slow-release nitrogen treatment increased by 174.96%, 174.71%, 77.55%, and 181.24%,respectively. Both slow-release nitrogen and urea ammonium nitrate applied during the banana seedling stage were better than urea, and the bananas treated with slow-release nitrogen fertilizer had the best growth and physiological integration.