冷战史新研究视域下的非洲对外关系史

The History of African Foreign Relations from the Perspective of the New Cold War History

冷战史新研究为书写非洲对外关系史提供了新机遇,也对学者在史料运用和研究视野等方面提出了更高要求。本文通过梳理近二十年来国内外相关学术成果,重点阐释以下三个研究新动向:第一,多类别史料的运用,尤其是对来自非洲国家档案文献的获取和使用;第二,去中心化的研究思路,强调非洲国家内部政治与外交的互动;第三,多维度的研究内涵,重视种族、民族和宗教信仰等社会因素对非洲开展对外交往的影响。基于百年未有之大变局的时代背景,开展冷战时期非洲对外关系史研究,有助于反思冷战思维对当今国际社会施加的持续作用力。

The trend of the new cold war history provides a new opportunity for writing the history of African foreign relations,and also puts forward higher requirements for scholars in the use of historical materials and the application of research perspective.In this paper,by reviewing relevant research at home and abroad in the past20 years,the author mainly elaborates on three new research trends:first,the use of multiple types of historical materials,especially the acquisition and use of archival documents from African countries;second,the decentralized approach which emphasizes the political and diplomatic interaction within African countries;third,the multidimensional approach which emphasizes the impact of social factors such as race,ethnicity and religious belief on Africa’s external relations.Under the historical background of great changes unseen in a century,the research on the history of African foreign relations during the Cold War is helpful to reflect on the continuous force exerted by Cold War thinking on today’s international community.