安全风险分级管控相关概念辨析

Discrimination of relevant concepts of safety risk classification control

为解决实际安全生产工作中安全风险分级管控相关概念不统一、使用混乱的问题,首先对比分析国内已有的相关标准以及学者观点,梳理并明确危险源、事故隐患、事故原因、事故类别、危险有害因素、安全风险6个基本概念的内涵和定义,探讨概念间的相互关系,提出安全风险分级管控的概念关系图;然后结合基本概念及安全管理工作,从时间线上构建基于关键时间点的全过程安全风险管控模式,阐明安全风险管控与隐患排查治理,事故预防与应急的关系;再从控制内容上构建"5E"对策的事故控制系统,阐明事故预防、风险评估、应急三者之间的关系。研究表明:基本概念是安全风险分级管控工作的基础,安全风险管控与隐患排查治理,事故预防、风险评估与应急的逻辑关系影响安全风险管控工作的实施效果,须明确并规范化。

In order to solve the problem that relevant concepts of safety risk classification control are not unified and confusion used in actual work safety,the connotation and definition of six basic concepts,including hazard,accident potential,cause of the accident,accident category,hazardous and harmful factors and safety risk,were summarized and clarified based on comparative analysis of relevant domestic standards and scholars’opinions.Then the interrelationship between concepts was discussed and the conceptual relationship diagram of safety risk classification control was proposed.Finally,based on basic concepts and safety management,a full-time safety risk control model based on key time points was established which clarified relationships between safety risk management and accident potential investigation and control,accident prevention and emergency response.The accident control system of"5 E"countermeasures was constructed which clarified the relationship between accident prevention,risk assessment and emergency management.The results show that basic concepts are the basis of safety risk classification management and control,and that the relationship among safety risk management and control,accident potential investigation and control,accident prevention,risk assessment and emergency response is related to the implementation effect of safety risk classification control,which should be clarified and standardized.