构建高效能的产品质量安全事故应急管理体系

How to Establish an Efficient Emergency Management System for the Accidents of Product Quality Safety

产品质量安全事故高发频发的同时,我国与之配套的应急管理体系发展也较为薄弱。本文首先提出了产品质量安全事故应急管理的基本原则,即风险管理、科学先进、消费者导向原则。基于PPRR模型,本文概括了产品质量安全事故应急管理体系的基本内容,包括产品质量事故发生前的预防与准备以及事故发生后的响应与恢复,并在此基础上总结了产品质量安全事故应急管理体系的业务流程。同时,本文将产品质量安全事故与其他常见事故进行区分,突出了产品质量安全事故应急管理体系的差异性特征。本文还关注了产品质量安全事故应急管理体系的发展历史,分四个阶段回顾了与产品质量和应急管理相关的法律法规、制度机制、机构设置等。最后,本文结合现存问题以及新时代要求提出了构建和完善产品质量安全事故应急管理体系的政策建议。

While the accidents of product quality safety occur frequently,the development of emergency management system in China is relatively weak.This paper first puts forward the basic principles of emergency management of product quality safety accidents,namely risk management,scientific and advanced,consumer oriented principles.Based on PPRR model,this paper summarizes the basic content of the emergency management system of the product quality safety accidents,including the prevention and preparation before product quality accidents and the response and recovery after the accident,and also summarizes the process of the emergency management system for the product quality safety accidents.At the same time,this paper distinguishes product quality safety accidents from other common accidents,highlighting the different characteristics of the emergency management system for the product quality safety accidents.This paper also focuses on the development history of the emergency management system for the product quality and safety accidents,and reviews the laws and regulations,institutional mechanisms,institutional settings related to product quality and emergency management in four stages.Finally,this paper puts forward effective policy recommendations to build and improve the emergency management system for the product quality safety accidents based on the existing problems and the requirements of the new era.