2016—2020年湖南省居民归因于饮酒的死亡人数和潜在减寿分析

Analysis of deaths and potential years of life lost attributable to alcohol consumption among adults of Hunan province from 2016 to 2020

目的了解2016至2020年湖南省居民与饮酒相关疾病死亡人数及死因构成情况,为湖南省控制有害饮酒、提升人群生存质量提供参考。方法利用2016至2020年湖南省死因监测数据和美国疾病预防控制中心(centers for disease control and prevention,CDC)开发研发的酒精相关疾病及其归因系数,计算湖南省归因于饮酒的死亡人数、死因顺位和潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost,PYLL),采用SAS 9.4统计软件进行χ^(2)检验、Cochran-Armitage趋势检验。结果湖南省2016至2020年归因于饮酒的死亡人数共71130人,年均死亡14226人,占年均死亡总人数的3.32%。男性归因于饮酒的年均死亡数为10677人,占男性年均死亡总人数的4.25%,远高于女性的3545人(2.00%)。其中,归因于饮酒的死因顺位前5位分别为高血压、交通事故、酒精性肝脏疾病、跌倒和肝癌。归因于饮酒死亡的年均PYLL为2661955人年,男性为1686685人年,女性为975270人年,男性是女性的1.73倍。其中,PYLL占比前5位分别为缺血性心脏病、高血压、缺血性卒中、出血性卒中、肝癌,共占69.70%。5年间归因于饮酒的死亡构成由2016年的3.58%下降至2020年的3.07%,趋势差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论饮酒对寿命损失和早死的影响较大,应持续坚持有效的酒精控制政策,针对男性重点人群,降低饮酒所导致的疾病负担。

Objective The purpose of the current study was to determine the mortality and cause of death attributed to alcohol use in Hunan province from 2016 to 2020 and to provide a scientific basis for preventing harmful drinking and improving the quality of life.Methods Cause of death data were obtained from the Hunan Morality Surveillance System and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC).The number of deaths due to alcohol,the cause of death,and the potential years of life lost(PYLL)were determined.SAS 9.4 software was used for data analysis;specifically,the χ^(2)test and Cochran-Armitage trend test were used to analyze outcomes and trends,respectively.Results A total of 71130 deaths caused by alcohol were reported between 2016 and 2020.There were an average of 14226 alcohol-associated deathsannually in Hunan,accounting for 3.32%of total deaths,of which 10677(4.25%)were males and 3545(2.00%)were females.The top five causes of death related to alcohol were hypertension,traffic accidents,alcoholic liver disease,tumbles,fall injuries and liver cancer.The PYLL caused by alcohol annual deaths was 2661955,of which 1686685 were males and 975270 were females;males were 1.73times more likely than females to have an alcohol-related death.The top five diseases that contributed to the PYLL secondary to alcohol abuse were ischemic heart disease,hypertension,ischemic stroke,hemorrhagic stroke,and liver cancer,together accounting for 69.70%of the PYLL.The mortality rate caused by alcohol was 3.58%and 3.07%in 2016 and 2020,thus the mortality rate exhibited a decreasing trend over time(P<0.01).Conclusion Alcohol has a significant impact on life loss and early death.Effective alcohol control policies should be maintained to reduce the disease burden caused by alcohol,especially in males.