异龙湖湿地修复后产油脂酵母菌的分布及其与环境因子的相关性

Distribution of oleaginous yeasts and its correlation with environmental factors after the restoration of Yilong Lake Wetland

微生物油脂是一类重要的微生物代谢产物,其成分结构与植物油相似;产油微生物具有易培养、产量高、受外界环境影响小等优点,在食品、化工、航天、医药等等领域具有较好的应用前景.云南异龙湖是我国比较典型的富营养化高原湖泊,蕴藏着丰富的酵母菌.本研究旨在探寻湿地修复后异龙湖中具有产油脂活性酵母菌在异龙湖中的分布及其与环境因子的相关性.对从异龙湖分离得到的692株酵母菌采用苏丹黑B染色法筛选产油脂活性的菌株,通过DNS法测定残糖含量以及酸热法测定菌株油脂产量,筛选高产油脂菌株.结果表明,共筛选到15个属24个种共312株具有产油脂活性的菌株,获得高产油脂菌株3株,为2株产黑色素短梗霉(Aureobasidium melanogenum)和1株掷孢酵母(Sporobolomyces patagonicus),其油脂含量分别为38.7%、37.1%和30.59%.本研究表明湿地修复后的异龙湖中广泛分布有产油脂酵母,有望通过更深入的研究和改造,能够在生物柴油等领域具有更大的应用潜力和价值.

Microbial oil is an important microbial metabolite whose composition is similar to that of a vegetable oil.Oleaginous microorganisms have the advantage of easy cultivation,high yield,and little influence from the external environment.They have good applicability in the food and chemical industries,aerospace,medicine,and other fields.Yilong Lake is a typical eutrophic plateau lake in Yunnan,China,which is rich in yeast.This study aimed to explore the distribution of oleaginous yeasts and their correlation with environmental factors in Yilong Lake following wetland restoration.In this study,692 yeast strains of yeasts isolated from Yilong Lake were screened for oleaginous activity using Sudan Black B.The residual glucose content was determined using the DNS method,and the oil yield of the strain was determined using the acid-heat method to screen for high-yield strains.The results suggested that 312 strains with oleaginous activity were from 15 genera and 24 species,and 3 strains with high oleaginous were obtained(2 strains of Aureobasidium melanogenum and 1 strain of Sporobolomyces patagonicus)with the oil contents of 38.7%,37.1%,and 30.59%,respectively.Finally,this study showed that oleaginous yeasts were widely distributed in Yilong Lake after wetland restoration and that these oleaginous yeasts are expected to have a greater application potential and value in biodiesel and other fields through more in-depth research and transformation.