童年不良经历与男性阿片类药物成瘾严重程度的关系:基于累积风险框架

The relationship between childhood adverse experience and severity of the male opioid addiction:Based on the cumulative risk framework

目的对吸毒人员童年不良经历进行回顾性调查并探讨其对药物成瘾严重程度的影响。方法采用方便抽样的方法选取广东省佛山市某戒毒所共200名男性戒毒人员,采用阿片成瘾严重程度量表与童年不良经历国际版问卷,并对吸毒者的首次吸毒年龄、吸毒年限以及毒品滥用种类进行调查。结果童年不良经历中排在前三位的分别是情感忽视、精神虐待和社区暴力,99.37%吸毒者报告至少经历一种童年不良经历,超过半数报告5种以上童年不良经历。毒品滥用种类超过1种、经历过家庭暴力与家庭监禁的吸毒者成瘾严重程度显著高于毒品滥用种类不超过1种、未经历过家庭暴力与家庭监禁的吸毒者。以报告0~4种童年不良经历的吸毒者为参照组,报告5种童年不良经历的吸毒者成瘾严重程度增加3.65~5.00倍,报告6~7种童年不良经历的吸毒者成瘾严重程度增加5.48~5.50倍,报告8~12种童年不良经历的吸毒者成瘾严重程度增加5.84~6.00倍。结论童年不良经历是男性吸毒者成瘾严重程度的重要影响因素,且多种童年不良经历对成瘾严重程度的预测具有累加协同效应。

Objective To explore the adverse childhood experience of drug addicts and the influence on the severity of drug addiction.Methods 200 male drug addicts were selected by convenient sampling method in Foshan City,Guangdong Province.The Opioid Addiction Severity Inventory and Adverse Childhood Experience-International Questionnaire were used to investigate.Results Emotional neglect,mental abuse and community violence were the top three adverse childhood experiences.The 99.37%of addicts reported at least one adverse childhood experience,and more than half had experienced more than five adverse childhood experiences.Male addicts who have more than one kind of drug addiction and have experienced domestic violence and parental incarceration had higher severity than those who have not experienced domestic violence or parental incarceration.Compared with the addicts who experienced 0-4 adverse childhood experiences,the severity of addicts who experienced 5 adverse childhood experiences increased 3.65~5.00 times,and severity of addicts who experienced 6~7 adverse childhood experiences increased 5.48~5.50 times,and severity of addicts who experienced 8~12 positive items increased 5.84~6.00 times.Conclusion Adverse childhood experience is an important factor affecting the severity of male drug addiction,and a variety of adverse childhood experiences have cumulative synergistic effect on the severity of drug addiction.