大数据能促进中国制造业结构优化吗?

Can Big Data Promote the Structural Optimization of China’s Manufacturing Industry?

大数据是产业转型升级的重要引擎。基于2005—2017年中国省级制造业部门面板数据,系统分析大数据影响制造业结构优化的机制和路径,从劳动生产率视角重新测算制造业产业结构高级化和合理化,从资源和技术方面量化大数据发展水平,并利用计量模型进行实证分析。结果表明:大数据能有效促进中国制造业结构高级化和合理化。同时,大数据对制造业结构高级化和合理化的影响具有区域差异。具体而言,中部地区制造业结构高级化在大数据发展中受益最多,东部次之;合理化方面,大数据对东部地区的影响最大,西部次之。这意味着大数据不仅能提升中国制造业结构优化,还能通过合理的引导与规划缩小地区间发展差距,统筹区域协调发展。

Big data is an important engine for industrial transformation and upgrading.Based on the panel data of manufacturing sectors in provinces in China from 2005 to 2017,this paper systematically analyzes the mechanism and the paths of the impact of big data on the structural optimization of manufacturing industry,recalculates the upgrading and rationalization of the industrial structure of the manufacturing industry from the perspective of labor productivity,and quantify the development level of big data the aspects of resource and technology.An empirical analysis is made by using quantitative models.The results show that big data can promote the upgrading and rationalization of China’s industrial structure;meanwhile,there are regional differences in the impact of big data on the upgrading and rationalization of the manufacturing structure.Specifically,the structure upgrading of manufacturing industry in the central region benefited the most from the development of big data,followed by the eastern region.In terms of rationalization,big data has the greatest impact on the eastern region,followed by the western region.This means big data can not only improve the structure optimization of China’s manufacturing industry,but also narrow the gap between regions through reasonable guidance and planning,and coordinate regional development.