银杏叶的研究进展

Research progress of ginkgo biloba leaves

银杏叶中主要化学成分为黄酮类、萜内酯类、酚类等。实验研究表明,银杏叶的药理活性作用主要为扩张血管、抗血小板聚集、抗血栓、抗氧化、降血脂、抗动脉粥样硬化、平喘、增强学习记忆能力等。银杏叶对于心脑血管疾病具有显著疗效,其制剂被广泛用于心脑血管疾病的治疗及预防,临床上常用银杏叶制剂来治疗高脂血症、高血压、老年脑功能障碍、脑卒中及其后遗症等。现将近年来关于银杏叶的化学成分、药理活性等方面的文献整理成此综述,并对银杏叶的应用前景和研究进行了探讨及提供了理论依据,为其开发利用提供新的思路。

Ginkgo biloba mainly contains flavonoids,terpene lactones,phenols and other compounds.The main pharmacological effects of Ginkgo biloba are vasodilation,antiplatelet aggregation,antithrombotic,antioxidation,hypolipidemic,anti arteriosclerosis,antiasthmatic and enhancing learning and memory.In this paper,the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Ginkgo Biloba in recent years are summarized,and the application prospects and research of Ginkgo Biloba are discussed and theoretical basis is provided.