学校全过程制度育德的发生机制及实践理路

The Occurrence Mechanism and Practical Approach of Whole-process Institutional Moral Education in School

全过程制度育德是让个体在参与全过程人民民主制度过程中获致道德发展的德育理念,奠立于全过程人民民主的政策要求,形成于德育理论与实践的发展脉络,植根于学生道德发展过程中的成长需要,是在三重逻辑相互作用下生成的结果。在学校领域,全过程制度育德以多重制度系统调节学生的意义建构、身份认同和行为表现,进而作用于他们的道德认知、情感和行为发展,形成了相互嵌套的复合型发生机制。为充分发挥全过程制度育德的作用,学校需要优化制度体系,转向民主型治理模式;完善公共领域,催生民主型公共生活;转变班级建构取向,培养学生道德-民主素养。

The whole-process institutional moral education is a form of moral education that promotes individual moral development through participating in the entire process of democratic institutional life.It is based on the policy requirement of whole-process people's democracy,formed in the development context of moral education theory and practice,rooted in the growth needs of students'moral development,and is the result of the interaction of triple logic.In the field of schools,the whole-process institutional moral education regulates students'meaning construction,identity recognition,and behavioral expression through multiple institutional systems,which in turn affects their moral cognition,emotion,and behavioral development,forming a nested composite mechanism of occurrence.To fully leverage the role of the whole-process institutional moral education,schools need to optimize their institutional system and shift towards a democratic governance model;improve the public sphere and promote democratic public life;change the orientation of class construction and cultivate students'moral-democratic competencies.