LiDAR强度校正方法研究综述

Review on Intensity Correction Method for LiDAR

激光雷达(Light Detection And Ranging,LiDAR)通过扫描物体目标能够获取海量的离散点云。而强度作为点云最重要的特征之一,在一定程度上反映了物体表面的辐射特性。但受多种因素影响,原始强度信息变异性较大,通常需要被校正才能更好地应用到各个领域。首先详细综述了强度在林业遥感、测绘工程、地物分类和海洋环境勘测等领域的应用,分析了强度校正的必要性;其次,从大气衰减效应、扫描仪特性、目标表面参数和数据采集几何等角度深入阐述了影响强度的主要因素;接着,探讨了强度校正基本理论,对常用的理论和经验校正方法进行了总结,并把强度校正分为两个层次:正规化和辐射校准;最后,指出了强度校正技术亟待解决的一些问题。

LiDAR is now widely used in many fields.Massive discrete point cloud data is obtained by scanning objects,which not only include accurate three-dimensional coordinates,but also intensity information.The point cloud intensity information reflects the reflection characteristics of objects to a certain degree.Due to the influence of many factors,the original intensity data has a large variability,which needs to be corrected in order to improve its value.First,in this paper,the application of intensity in forestry remote sensing,surveying and mapping engineering,ground feature classification and Marine environment survey were reviewed in detail.Second,the main factors affecting the intensity were discussed from the perspectives of atmospheric attenuation effect,scanner characteristics,target surface parameters and data acquisition.Then,the basic theoretical basis of intensity correction was discussed,the theoretical and empirical correction methods were summarized.The intensity correction methods of intensity normalization and radiometric calibration were also briefly introduced.Finally,some urgent problems of intensity correction technology were pointed out.