2000—2020年秦巴山区水源涵养量时空动态研究

Reserach on Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Water Conservation in the Qinba Mountains from 2000 to 2020

以秦巴山区陕西段为研究区,基于地表水量平衡原理,利用MODIS数据、气象数据、DEM数据、土壤质地数据等资料,模拟2000—2020年水源涵养量,并对近21 a水源涵养量时空动态特征及其影响因素进行分析。结果表明:(1)秦巴山区水源涵养量主要在-142.84—419.41 mm之间,在空间上呈现出北低南高的分布特点,各市的水源涵养量大小依次为汉中市>安康市>宝鸡市>西安市>商洛市>渭南市;(2)2000—2020年,秦巴山区水源涵养量主要呈减少趋势,平均减少速率约为13.07 mm/a。其中,减少显著的区域约占区域总面积的48.36%;(3)水源涵养量的变化与其直接影响因素降水量、蒸散量密切相关,在其间接影响因素中,气温的影响最小。

Based on the principle of water balance,the spatiotemporal changes and the influencing factors of the water conservation capacity in the Shannxi Qinba Mountains were quantified by using MODIS,climate data,the DEM and soil texture data,etc.during the period of 2000—2020.The results showed that(1)the water conservation capacity,which ranged from-142.84—419.41 mm,was higher in south and lower in north.The water conservation capacity of each city followed an order of Hanzhong>Ankang>Baoji>Xi’an>Shangluo>Weinan.(2)The water conservation capacity decreased at a rate about 13.07 mm/a in recent 21 years.The regions that significant weakened accounted for about 48.36 percent.(3)The changes of the water conservation capacity was mainly closely related to its direct influencing factors,the precipitation and the evapotranspiration and finally the temperature among its indirect influencing factors.