自媒体的传播注意义务标准之探讨——以网络诽谤侵权为中心的考察

On the Standard of Communication Duty of Care in Self-Media: Focusing on Network Defamation Infringement Disputes

蓬勃发展的自媒体现象不仅模糊了职业传播者与业余传播者之间的界限,而且引发了众多网络诽谤侵权纠纷。随着自媒体时代的全面来临,传统诽谤法中的传播注意义务标准面临着一系列适用局限性,亟待重构。由于涉案自媒体之间往往差别巨大,它们的过错认定不宜完全诉诸个案判断,其传播注意义务标准也不可"一刀切",而是应在利益平衡原则下进行类型化建构。基于利益平衡原则,自媒体在网络诽谤侵权纠纷中应负有六层传播注意义务标准。

The booming phenomenon of me media not only obscures the boundaries between professional reporters and amateur reporters,but also leads to more and more network defamation disputes.With the advent of the era of self-media,the traditional standard of communication duty of care in defamation law is facing a series of limitations and needs to be reconstructed urgently.Owing to the great differences between selfmedias involved in the case,their fault judgment should not resort to the case judgment completely,nor should the standard of communication duty of care be"one size fits all",but should be typically constructed under the principle of balance of interests.Based on the principle of balance of interests,self-media should bear six levels of communication duty of care in network defamation infringement disputes.