全球数字治理的内涵、价值取向及其面临的困境

The Connotation,Value Orientation and Challenges of Global Digital Governance

数字全球化在数字全球的流动中既有可能使全球获得收益,也有可能因各国对数据及其相关权益的认识不同以及数据的特殊性,而引发更大的矛盾与冲突。鉴于此,数字全球化客观上要求进行全球数字治理。全球数字治理包含两个方面的内容,即“依靠数字(数据)的治理”和“针对数字(数据)的治理”。数据技术的“异化”问题已经使人类处于一个风险社会之中,为了克服数据技术的异化和走向全球善治,全球更需要的是“针对数字(数据)的治理”。然而,各国的治理手段和治理目标相去甚远,因此,从价值基础来看,全球需要寻找“最大价值公约数”;从价值取向来看,全球需要共同协调实现数据安全的路径,并通过“猎鹿博弈”来实现全球数字治理的正和博弈。在当前情况下,全球数字治理面临着诸多困境,但最根本的困境就在于信任赤字和认知固化。各国相互之间难以协调一致也是因为信任赤字和认知固化。

Digital globalization may bring global benefits in the flow of digital globalization,but due to different countries'understanding of data and its related rights,as well as the unique nature of data,digital globalization may also trigger greater contradictions and conflicts.Thus,digital globalization objectively requires global digital governance.Global digital governance includes two aspects,namely“governance relying on digital data”and“governance targeting digital data”.The issue of“alienation”of data technology has long placed humanity in a risk society.In order to overcome the alienation of data technology and move towards global governance,what is more needed globally is“governance for digital data”.However,the means and goals of governance vary greatly among countries.Therefore,from the value perspective,the world needs to find the“maximum value common divisor”;From the perspective of value orientation,the world needs to jointly coordinate to achieve data security and achieve a positive sum game of global digital governance through the“Stag hunt game”.Currently,global digital governance is facing many challenges,but the most fundamental ones are trust deficits and cognitive solidification.The difficulty in coordinating among countries is also due to trust deficits and cognitive solidification.