中国乡村教育百年:历史与未来

China’s Rural Education in the Past Century: History and Future

在迎来中国共产党成立100周年的重要时刻,我国脱贫攻坚战取得了全面胜利。在中国迈向消除贫困这一伟大理想的征程中,农村状况的改善成为关键性环节。扶贫先扶志,扶贫必扶智。教育在农村发展中具有基础性、先导性、可持续性作用,乡村教育蓬勃发展是百年来中国乡村教育建设者和实践者的共同愿望。在中国城镇化和乡村振兴战略加速推进的大背景下,如何从百年乡村教育发展的峥嵘历程中吸取历史经验?怎样把握乡村教育中作为精神内核的乡村文化因素?

In the process of development and reform,education comes first.Education plays a fundamental,leading and sustainable role in rural development.The vigorous development of rural education is the common aspiration of Chinese rural education builders and practitioners in the past century.Based on China’s new development pattern and rural characteristics,we try to stand at a new historical starting point to carry out constructive reflection on the practical problems faced by rural education,construct the original theory and discourse system of China’s rural education with"local characteristics""local style"and"local bearing",promote the ideological contention in the field of rural education,and explore the future development path of rural education.Professor Wu Zhihui pointed out that the quality of rural education should be improved,and the vigor and vitality of rural education should be revitalized by rebuilding the relationship between rural schools and the local community environment.Professor Li Chunling believes that rural education needs to face up to the challenges in order to meet the escalating educational needs of rural people and build a high-quality rural education system.Professor Sun Jieyuan believes that rural education itself has the basic value of cultural inheritance and innovation,and the cultural nature of rural education deeply determines the realization of the educational value,social value and cultural value of rural education.Professor Liu Tiefang proposed that the basic spirits of rural education should include rural,educational and cultural aspects.The three basic spirits ultimately point to the healthy and comprehensive development of rural teenagers.Professor Liu Yunshan believes that we need to pay attention to the realistic situation of rural children,so that their wishes and energy can be released and realized in the grassroots society.Professor Feng Jianjun pointed out that on the basis of narrowing the gap between urban and rural education,we should adhere to the respective advantages and characteristics of urban and rural education,so as to realize the integrated development of urban and rural education.Professor Zhou Yong reminded that today’s educational circles should pay attention to those marginal educators who leave the city,really go deep into the local areas and strive to develop rural education.Associate Professor Lin Xiaoying believes that it is necessary to avoid county education becoming the"other"in education reform.Professor Li Tao pointed out that the concept of rural education in the future will evolve into a concept of high-quality populist education oriented by"value theory",so as to serve the"weak""the bottom"and"the poor",and jointly create a better life in the future.