论信息网络时代下公共图书馆的合理使用权配置——以深圳图书馆信息网络传播权侵权案为视角

Allocation of Fair Use of Public Library in the Era of Information Network——Cases Study of Shenzhen Library Infringement of Right to Network Dissemination of Information

我国《公共图书馆法》第40条赋予了公共图书馆提供数字图书服务的法定职责,但是信息网络时代下与之相适应的合理使用权却未能依法配置。德国宪法学界提出的"财产权社会义务理论"和美国经济学家科斯提出的"权利相互性理论"恰恰可以作为解决著作权人信息网络传播权和公共图书馆合理使用权配置冲突的理论根据。因此,为了解决著作权人与公共图书馆的权利冲突,我国需要修订《著作权法》和《信息网络传播权保护条例》中的相关规定,适当扩张信息网络时代下公共图书馆的合理使用权;并由文化和旅游部制定《信息网络时代下公共图书馆馆藏资源利用指南》,明确公共图书馆"控制复制"和"控制传播"的技术标准;适用"避风港原则"和"红旗原则"并充分考量公共图书馆公益属性综合判定侵权责任。

The article 40 of China Public Library Law specifies the legal responsibility of public library providing digital book services,but the fair use in the era of information network has not been allocated according to law.The theory of social obligation of property right put forward by Germany and the theory of reciprocity of rights by Ronald H.Coase can be used as the theoretical basis to solve the conflict between the copyright owners’right to network dissemination of information and the allocation of fair use of public library.Therefore,in order to solve the conflict between copyright owners and public library,the Copyright Law and the Regulation on the Protection of the Right to Network Dissemination of Information should be revised to expand the fair use of public library in the era of information networks.In addition,the Ministry of Culture and Tourism should formulate guidelines for the utilization of library collection resources in the era of information network,clarifying technical standards of"controlling reproduction"and"controlling dissemination".Furthermore,"safe harbor principle"and"red flag principle"should be applied and give full consideration to the public welfare attribute to comprehensively determine the tort liability.