东北典型平原区耕地健康产能评价与验证——以吉林省大安市为例

Evaluation and Verification of Healthy Productivity of Cultivated Land in the Typical Plain Area of Northeast China——a Case Study of Da’an City, Jilin Province

为了保障粮食安全与耕地可持续发展,进一步探索耕地资源管理的新方式,急需通过耕地健康产能评价来摸清耕地状况。本文在耕地产能维度选取气候条件、土壤特性等四个要素,在耕地健康维度选取耕地胁迫状况、耕地生态状况等三个要素,基于"需求—功能—维度—要素—指标"理论框架构建耕地健康产能评价指标体系,利用综合算法、最小限制因子法"、1+X"累加模型法定量评价耕地健康产能,选取吉林省大安市验证,并将评价结果与分等定级结果进行对比分析。结果表明:大安市耕地健康产能总体状况良好,分布有明显的集中性,主要分布在健康和亚健康区间,不健康产能所占比例比较低;西部耕地健康状况明显较东部好,北部耕地产能状况较南部高:根据面积对应关系得出不健康耕地面积主要由利用等10等和利用等11等耕地构成,在空间分布上耕地产能较高的地块与耕地不健康的地块的位置分布具有叠置关系,该结论可为东北典型平原区耕地质量评价以及耕地粮食安全问题研究提供科学参考与新思路。

In order to ensure food security and sustainable development of cultivated land,and further to explore a new way of cultivated land resources management,it is urgent to evaluate healthy productivity of cultivated land.Four elements of cultivated land capacity dimension such as climate condition and soil property were selected and three elements of cultivated land health dimension such as stress and ecological conditions of cultivated land were selected.Farmland health capacity evaluation index system was built based on the theoretical framework of"demand,function,dimension,factor,index"by using the methods of integrated algorithm,minimum limit factor,and"1+X"accumulation model,and was verified in Da’an,Jilin Province.The results showed that the healthy production capacity of cultivated land in Da’an was overall in good condition,and its distribution was obviously concentrated in the healthy and sub-healthy zones,and the proportion of unhealthy production capacity was relatively low.The cultivated land was healthier in the west than that in the east,and was more productive in the north than that in the south.The stress environment and ecological environment of cultivated land were the main factors that interfered its health evaluation results.This research could provide a scientific reference for the evaluation of quality and food security of cultivated land in the typical plain areas of Northeast China,and for the future study of cultivated land health.