全球海洋治理中非政府组织的角色——基于实证的研究

The Role of Non-Governmental Organizations in Global Ocean Governance——An Empirical Study

在全球海洋治理进程中,“政府间”机制的局限性凸显非政府组织的补充价值。既有实践表明,非政府组织正在广泛地承担海洋研究与管理、政策游说、产业发展与治理能力建设以及公众教育等工作,并已成为实现全球海洋“善治”不可或缺的力量。通过直接参与和间接推动两种路径,非政府组织活动同国家及国际组织形成了协同与监督并存的互动模式,深刻地影响全球海洋治理的走向。我国在参与全球海洋治理时,应当充分重视非政府组织的重要作用,警惕非政府组织的“政府化”趋势和“垄断”现象对国家海洋权益的威胁,着力发展适于我国现实的“公私协同”海洋治理模式。

In global ocean governance,the limitations of intergovernmental mechanisms have highlighted the practical value of Non-Governmental Organizations(NGOs).Existing evidence shows that the NGOs are taking up a wide range of works in ocean research and management,policy lobbying,industrial development and capacity building,as well as public education,and they have become an indispensable party to global ocean governance.NGOs’activities have directly and indirectly formed a synergistic and supervisory mode of interaction with governments and international organizations,profoundly influencing the pathway of global ocean governance.China should pay attention to the significant role of NGOs in global ocean governance,be wary of the trend of“governmentalisation”and“monopoly”of NGOs as a threat to China’s national maritime rights and interests,and focus on developing public-private interactions to promote global ocean governance.