基本公共卫生服务均等化水平测度

Measurement on the Equalization Level of Basic Public Health Services

文章以中国31个省份为研究对象,从公共卫生服务资金筹集、服务资源、服务提供及服务结果4个方面构建评价指标体系,利用集对分析模型对基本公共卫生服务均等化水平进行了测度。在此基础上,采用障碍度分析方法确定造成各省份均等化水平差异的主要因素。研究结果显示:各省份基本实现健康均等化,基本公共卫生均等化水平较高的省份集中在京津冀地区、珠江三角洲地区、长江三角洲地区和环渤海地区,其中北京最高,西藏最低。障碍因素分析表明,孕产妇建卡率、医疗卫生机构床位数、全人群标化死亡率、医疗卫生机构总费用、人均公共卫生机构财政补助收入和医疗卫生机构总资产是影响各省份基本公共卫生服务均等化水平差异的主要因素。

Taking China’s 31 provinces as the research object,this paper constructs an evaluation index system from four aspects of public health service fund raising,service resources,service delivery and service results,and then measures the equalization level of basic public health services by use of set-pair analysis model,on basis of which to use the obstacle-amount analysis method to determine the main factors causing the differences of provincial equalization levels.The research results show that health equalization has been achieved in all provinces,and that the provinces with higher equalization level of basic public health are concentrated in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,the Pearl River Delta region,the Yangtze River Delta region and the Bohai Rim region,with the highest level in Beijing and the lowest in Xizang.The analysis of obstacle factors manifests that the main factors affecting the equalization level differences of basic public health services are the card establishment rate of pregnant women,the bed number in medical and health institutions,the standardized mortality rate of the whole population,the total cost of medical and health institutions,the per capita financial subsidy income of public health institutions,and the total assets of medical and health institutions.